故障成因：電源線斷裂、開關燒毀、保險絲熔斷、馬達燒毀、主板變壓器故障。保養建議：避免長時間連續運作，定期檢查電源線外皮磨損。維修方案：更換電源開關/保險絲/馬達控制板。

Cause: Broken power cord, faulty power switch, blown fuse, burnt motor, defective PCB transformer. Maintenance: Avoid continuous long-hour operation, check cord wear regularly. Repair: Replace switch/fuse/motor board.

成因：導粉槽堵塞、刀盤間距過大、傳動齒輪磨損打滑、進豆口卡豆。保養：每週清潔導粉通道，定期檢查齒輪潤滑。維修：清理堵塞、更換磨損齒輪。

Cause: Chute blockage, too wide burr gap, worn drive gear, bean jam. Maintenance: Clean chute weekly, lubricate gears monthly. Repair: Unclog, replace worn gears.

成因：刀盤鈍化、刀盤鬆動偏移、調節刻度滑牙。保養：半年一次打磨刀盤或更換刀組，固定調節螺絲。維修：校正刀盤、更換全新磨盤。

Cause: Dull burrs, loose burr assembly, stripped adjustment thread. Maintenance: Resurface or replace burrs every 6 months. Repair: Realign burrs, new burr set.

成因：金屬異物掉入刀盤、軸承缺油磨損、刀盤變形碰撞。保養：勿混入咖啡豆金屬配件，定期給軸承上潤滑油。維修：取出異物、更換軸承。

Cause: Metal foreign object inside burrs, dry worn bearing, deformed burr collision. Maintenance: No metal mixed with beans, bearing lubrication quarterly. Repair: Remove debris, replace bearings.

成因：馬達轉速衰減、風扇積灰散熱差、刀盤殘油結塊阻塞。保養：每月清潔機身散熱口，定期拆解清洗刀盤油脂。維修：維修馬達、深度拆解清潔。

Cause: Degraded motor speed, dusty cooling fan, oily caked burrs. Maintenance: Clean ventilation monthly, deep wash burr grease quarterly. Repair: Motor overhaul, full disassembly clean.

成因：密封膠圈老化硬化、導粉管裂開、接縫卡扣鬆脫。保養：每3個月檢查膠圈彈性，輕拆導粉管清理殘粉。維修：更換密封膠圈、修補導粉管道。

Cause: Aged rubber seal, cracked chute, loose connecting clip. Maintenance: Check seal elasticity every 3 months, clean chute residual powder. Repair: New seal, repair chute pipe.

成因：定量計時板故障、出粉閥門卡粉、感應光電頭髒污。保養：每次使用後擦拭閥門與感應器。維修：清潔光電感應、更換定量控制主板。

Cause: Defective timer PCB, clogged dosing gate, dirty optical sensor. Maintenance: Wipe gate & sensor after use. Repair: Clean sensor, replace dosing board.

成因：面板進水受潮、顯示屏燒壞、控制面板線路脫落。保養：清洗機器時避開電子面板，勿潑水。維修：修復線路、更換觸控顯示面板。

Cause: Water damaged panel, burnt LCD, loose wiring harness. Maintenance: Avoid water splash on electronics during cleaning. Repair: Rewire, replace touch screen module.

成因：機腳防滑墊老化、馬達固定螺絲鬆動、刀盤組不平衡。保養：定期鎖緊機身固定螺絲，更換防滑膠墊。維修：重新校正刀盤平衡、加固馬達支架。

Cause: Worn anti-slip foot pad, loose motor screws, unbalanced burr assembly. Maintenance: Tighten body screws regularly, replace foot pads. Repair: Re-balance burrs, reinforce motor bracket.

成因：散熱風扇堵塞、馬達過載、溫度保護器跳掣。保養：清理散熱孔灰塵，商用機避免連續研磨超過30分鐘。維修：更換溫度保護器、維修散熱風扇。

Cause: Blocked cooling fan, motor overload, tripped thermal fuse. Maintenance: Clear vent dust, limit commercial continuous grinding under 30 mins. Repair: Replace thermal protector, fix cooling fan.

成因：調節螺紋磨損、鎖緊環彈簧斷裂。保養：調節時輕轉，勿大力硬扭。維修：更換調節總成、彈簧卡扣。

Cause: Worn adjustment thread, broken lock spring. Maintenance: Turn dial gently, avoid forced twisting. Repair: New adjuster assembly & lock spring.

成因：豆倉靜電粘豆、攪拌葉片斷裂、通道殘粉結塊。保養：定期擦拭豆倉消除靜電，清空殘粉。維修：更換攪拌葉片、打磨光滑進豆通道。

Cause: Static bean sticking, broken agitator blade, caked residual powder. Maintenance: Wipe hopper to remove static, empty leftover powder daily. Repair: Replace agitator, polish feed channel.

成因：刀盤嚴重磨損、軸承金屬碎屑脫落、內部螺絲鬆動掉落。保養：每半年檢查刀盤磨損狀態。維修：全機拆解清潔、更換磨損刀盤與軸承。

Cause: Heavily worn burrs, bearing metal debris, loose internal screw falling off. Maintenance: Inspect burr wear every 6 months. Repair: Full disassembly cleaning, new burr & bearing set.

成因：模式切換開關氧化、控制板程式故障、電磁閥卡住。保養：定期用乾布擦拭按鈕開關。維修：更換開關/電磁閥、重刷控制板程式。

Cause: Oxidized mode switch, PCB program error, stuck solenoid valve. Maintenance: Wipe buttons with dry cloth weekly. Repair: New switch/solenoid, reflash board firmware.

成因：傳動棘輪磨損、刀盤殘粉結塊、軸心生鏽。保養：每次使用完清空殘粉，軸心塗少量食品級潤滑油。維修：更換棘輪、拆解除鏽清潔。

Cause: Worn ratchet gear, caked powder, rusted spindle. Maintenance: Empty residual powder after use, food-grade lubricant on spindle. Repair: Replace ratchet, full rust removal clean.

成因：馬達線圈受潮短路、電源線破皮接地、主板漏電。保養：機器遠離水源，避免潮濕環境擺放。維修：隔離短路線路、更換馬達/電源線。

Cause: Short-circuited motor coil, damaged grounded cord, leaking PCB. Maintenance: Place machine away from water & humidity. Repair: Isolate short circuit, replace motor/power cord.

成因：長期不清潔殘粉積水、環境潮濕。保養：每日清空粉倉，每週深度拆解清洗。維修：全機拆解高溫消毒、替換發霉膠件。

Cause: Long-term uncleaned damp powder, humid storage. Maintenance: Empty portafilter daily, deep disassembly clean weekly. Repair: Full high-temperature disinfection, replace moldy rubber parts.

成因：安全感應彈簧斷裂、光感應器灰塵遮擋。保養：勿大力撞擊豆倉蓋。維修：更換安全感應開關、清理感應鏡頭。

Cause: Broken safety spring, dust covered optical sensor. Maintenance: Avoid heavy impact on hopper lid. Repair: New safety switch, clean sensor lens.

成因：計時電容老化、主板電壓不穩。保養：長期不用時拔電源減少元件老化。維修：更換計時電容、穩壓電路維修。

Cause: Aged timer capacitor, unstable PCB voltage. Maintenance: Unplug power if idle long hours. Repair: Replace timer capacitor, repair voltage regulator circuit.

成因：搬運碰撞、長期熱脹冷縮塑膠脆化。保養：移動時輕拿輕放，避免陽光直曬。維修：外殼修補、替換原廠機殼配件。

Cause: Transport impact, plastic brittleness from heat cycle. Maintenance: Handle gently during moving, avoid direct sunlight. Repair: Shell repair, OEM housing replacement.